Solaris administration commands
This is a list of non-trivial Solaris commands and can be used as a cheat sheet or link collection. If you find errors or want to add something please post a comment below!
Debugging
- mdb - Analysing core files:
$ mdb core.xxxx # Open core file > ::status # Print core summary > ::stacks # Backtrace > ::stacks -v # Backtrace verbose > ::quit
- Changing Solaris Kernel Parameters:
# mdb -kw > maxusers/W 500 > $q
- Library Dependencies of a running process:
pldd <pid>
- Details of Memory Usage - pmap:
# pmap 19463 19463: -sh 08047000 4K rw--- [ stack ] 08050000 76K r-x-- /sbin/sh 08073000 4K rw--- /sbin/sh 08074000 16K rw--- [ heap ] FEE60000 24K r-x-- /lib/libgen.so.1 FEE76000 4K rw--- /lib/libgen.so.1 FEE80000 1072K r-x-- /lib/libc.so.1 FEF90000 24K rwx-- [ anon ] FEF9C000 32K rw--- /lib/libc.so.1 FEFA4000 8K rw--- /lib/libc.so.1 FEFC4000 156K r-x-- /lib/ld.so.1 FEFF0000 4K rwx-- [ anon ] FEFF7000 4K rwxs- [ anon ] FEFFB000 8K rwx-- /lib/ld.so.1 FEFFD000 4K rwx-- /lib/ld.so.1 total 1440K
- kstat API: Accessing Solaris kernel statistics using C-API
- infocmp - Compare terminal settings: This is not Solaris specific, but you need it quite often.
infocmp -L
- DTraceToolkit: Useful dtrace scripts for all types of debugging tasks.
- How to kill a Solaris machine
Network
- snoop vs. tcpdump: How to use snoop:
snoop -v -d qfe0 -x0 host 192.168.1.87 snoop -v -d qfe0 -x0 port 22
- Show installed NIcs:
dladm show-dev dladm show-link
- iSCSI on Solaris
- Find unknown NIC: When you do not know the network interface name and don't want to guess: simple plumb all unplumbed NICs with
ifconfig plumb -a
Legacy
- Extend 256 file descriptor limit for 32bit binaries: This requires preloading a helper library
% ulimit -n 256 % echo 'rlim_fd_max/D' | mdb -k | awk '{ print $2 }' # determine allowed maximum 65536 % ulimit -n 65536 % export LD_PRELOAD_32=/usr/lib/extendedFILE.so.1
- Determine if Solaris is 32 or 64 bit:
isainfo -b
Monitoring
- SEtoolkit: Performance data gathering script collection based on orcallator.
- Orcallator: Provides a variety of Solaris specific probes.
- NICstat: Source (C) for a monitoring NICs in Solaris. vmstat/iostat like command line client.
- Munin on Solaris
Package Installation
- Resolve File to Package:
pkgchk -l -p /usr/bin/ls
Service Management
- svcs - List Service Infos
svcs -a # List all installed services and their current state svcs -d <service> # List all dependencies of a service svcs -D <service> # List who is depending on a service svcs -xv # List why something is failed
- svcadm - Control Services
svcadm enable <service> svcadm disable <service> svcadm refresh <service> # like init reload svcadm restart <service> svcadm clear <service> # Clear errors: try starting again...
General
- Jumpstart HowTo
- SUNWdhcs DHCPd Setup
- Sun Packaging Guide
- Solaris Event Notification API
- Suns OpenBoot PROM reference manual
- Solaris IPv6 Administration Guide
- ALOM/iLOM - Get OS Console:
start /SP/console
If the console is already in use you can kill it withstop /SP/console
- ALOM - Set/Get Infos from CLI: When you want to fetch infos or change settings from a running system (e.g. from scripts) you can use the scadm (or rscadm) command. Examples:
# Show log scadm loghistory # Send a normal or critical console message scadm send_event "Important" scadm send_event -c "Critical!" # Dump all or single settings scadm show scadm show sc_customerinfo
- Dump HW Infos:
prtconf -v
- ZFS Cheat Sheet:
# Analysis zpool list # List pools zpool status -v # Tree like summary of all disks zpool iostat 1 # iostat for all ZFS pools zpool history # Show recent commands # Handling properties zfs get all z0 zfs get all z0/data zfs set sharenfs=on z0/data zfs set sharesmb=on z0/data zfs set compression=on z0/data # Mounting zfs mount # List all ZFS mount points zfs set mountpoint=/export/data z0/data zfs mount /export/data zfs unmount /export/data # NFS Shares zfs set sharenfs=on z1/backup/mydata # Enable as NFS share zfs get sharenfs z1/backup/mydata # List share options zfs sharenfs="<options>" z1/backup/mydata # Overwrite share options # Create and load snapshots zfs snapshot z0/[email protected] zfs rollback z0/[email protected]