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Ruby Cheat Sheet

Using Gem

gem env
gem list
gem outdated            # List Gems with updates available
gem update [<name>]
gem install <name> [-v <version>]
gem uninstall <name>

Test with RSpec

# There are a lot of rspec launch variants:
autotest
rspec <path to .rb spec file>
rspec <path to directory>
bundle exec rspec <path to .rb spec file>

Interactive Shell

$ irb
irb(main):001:0>

Launch a script interactively:

irb -r script.rb

Inspect nested data structures:

puts <something>.inspect

Pretty printing data structures:

require 'pp'
pp <some object>

Print as YAML

y <something>

Data Types

Debugging

var.inspect      # prints serialization
var.to_s    # often prints class

Checking for Undef

if (defined?(var)).nil?
   puts "undef"
end

Arrays

arr = []
arr.push("a")
arr.pop()
arr.insert(0, "b")    # Add b at index 0
arr.insert(-1, "c")   # Add c at the end
arr << "c"            # Add c at the end

Accessing ranges

arr[3:4]        # 4th and 5th element
arr[1000:-1]    # Everything starting at 1001 element to the end

Iterating arrays

array.each do |value|
    # do something
end

Hashes

To merge hashes

h1.merge(h2)

To get hash keys in order

h.keys.sort

To get key-value pairs in order

h.sort.map do |key, value|
    # do something
end

I/O

Write file

File.open('file.txt', 'w') { |file| file.write("text") }

Misc