Linux-Commands Cheat Sheet
This list is automatically compiled from Linux man pages. All examples without any context are extracted. The idea is to be able to quickly lookup syntax variants one already does know but needs a quick reminder of. This is most useful combined with the search feature on the main page.
Examples for Mail
Mailx will respond by typing its version number and date and then listing the messages
Examples for X
XOrgFoundation(7), XStandards(7), Xsecurity(7), appres(1), bdftopcf(1), bitmap(1), editres(1),
Xdmx(1), Xephyr(1), Xnest(1), Xquartz(1), Xvfb(1), Xvnc(1), XWin(1). Xlib - C Language X Inter-
X Window System is a trademark of The Open Group.
X Version 11 xorg-docs 1.7 X(7)
Examples for a2disconf
a2disconf charset
Examples for a2dismod
a2dismod mime_magic
Examples for a2dissite
a2dissite 000-default
Examples for a2enconf
a2enconf security
Examples for a2enmod
a2enmod imagemap
Examples for abcde
abcde Will work in most systems
abcde -d /dev/cdrom2
abcde -o vorbis,flac
abcde -o vorbis:"-b 192"
abcde -W 1
abcde -d singletrack.flac
abcde requires the following backend tools to work:
abcde(1)
Examples for alsaloop
alsaloop -C hw:0,0 -P hw:1,0 -t 50000
alsaloop is by Jaroslav Kysela <[email protected]>. This document is by Jaroslav Kysela
Examples for amidi
amidi -p hw:0 -s my_settings.syx
amidi -S 'F0 43 10 4C 00 00 7E 00 F7'
amidi -p hw:1,2 -S F0411042110C000000000074F7 -r dump.syx -t 1
amidi -p virtual -d
Examples for amixer
amixer -c 1 sset Line,0 80%,40% unmute cap
amixer -c 1 -- sset Master playback -20dB
amixer -c 1 set PCM 2dB+
amixer -c 2 cset iface=MIXER,name='Line Playback Volume",index=1 40%
amixer -c 2 cset numid=34 40%
amixer is by Jaroslav Kysela <[email protected]>. This document is by Paul Winkler
Examples for aplay
aplay -c 1 -t raw -r 22050 -f mu_law foobar
Examples for apt-ftparchive
apt-ftparchive packages directory | gzip > Packages.gz
apt-ftparchive returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 on error.
Examples for apt-show-versions
apt-show-versions
apt-show-versions -u
apt-show-versions -a -p libc6
apt-show-versions dpkg apt
apt-show-versions -r ^texlive
Examples for apturl
apturl apt:pidgin,pidgin-plugin-pack
apturl apt:freevial?section=universe
apturl apt:adobe-flashplugin?channel=lucid-partner
apturl apt+http://launchpad.net/~mvo/ppa?package=2vcard
apturl was written by Michael Vogt <[email protected]> for Canonical, Ltd. and this manual
Examples for arecord
arecord -d 10 -f cd -t wav -D copy foobar.wav
arecord -t wav --max-file-time 30 mon.wav
arecord -f cd -t wav --max-file-time 3600 --use-strftime %Y/%m/%d/listen-%H-%M-%v.wav
arecord and aplay are by Jaroslav Kysela <[email protected]> This document is by Paul Winkler
Examples for arpd
arpd -b /var/tmp/arpd.db
arpd -b /var/tmp/arpd.db -a 1 eth0 eth1
arpd -b /var/tmp/arpd.db -a 3 -k eth0 eth1
Examples for avconv
avconv -f oss -i /dev/dsp -f video4linux2 -i /dev/video0 /tmp/out.mpg
avconv -f x11grab -s cif -r 25 -i :0.0 /tmp/out.mpg
avconv -f x11grab -s cif -r 25 -i :0.0+10,20 /tmp/out.mpg
avconv -i /tmp/test%d.Y /tmp/out.mpg
avconv -i /tmp/test.yuv /tmp/out.avi
avconv -i mydivx.avi hugefile.yuv
avconv -i /tmp/a.wav -s 640x480 -i /tmp/a.yuv /tmp/a.mpg
avconv -i /tmp/a.wav -ar 22050 /tmp/a.mp2
avconv -i /tmp/a.wav -map 0:a -b 64k /tmp/a.mp2 -map 0:a -b 128k /tmp/b.mp2
avconv -i snatch_1.vob -f avi -c:v mpeg4 -b:v 800k -g 300 -bf 2 -c:a libmp3lame -b:a 128k snatch.avi
Examples for awk
awk '/myhome.html/ { system("nmap " $1 ">> logdir/myhome.html") }'
Examples for bar
bar-brace-foreground: red
bar-brace-bold: no
bar-foreground: yellow
bar-bold: yes
Examples for basename
basename /usr/bin/sort
basename include/stdio.h .h
basename -s .h include/stdio.h
basename -a any/str1 any/str2
Examples for bpsync
bpsync put
bpsync get
bpsync get mydev
Examples for byobu-ugraph
byobu-ugraph "(/usr/lib/byobu/mem_used | sed -e 's/% //g';echo)"
byobu-ugraph -m 3.0 -f $file
Examples for byobu-ulevel
byobu-ulevel 27
byobu-ulevel -c 27
byobu-ulevel -c 1.100001 -m -5.00234 -x 2.71828 -t dice_6
byobu-ulevel -m -22.613 -x 5.00212 -c 0.10203 -a -e 0
byobu-ulevel -c 83 -t stars_2
byobu-ulevel -c 60 -t diamonds_2 -ri
byobu-ulevel -l -t solid_numbers_a_10
byobu-ulevel -c 666.321 -m -273.15 -x 1370 -u ". " -w 10
byobu-ulevel -c 50 -u "a b c d e f g h i j"
Examples for cat
cat f - g
cat Copy standard input to standard output.
Examples for cdparanoia
cdparanoia -vsQ
cdparanoia -B
cdparanoia "1[:30.12]-1[1:10]"
cdparanoia -- -3
cdparanoia sprang from and once drew heavily from the interface of Heiko Eissfeldt's
cdparanoia's homepage may be found at: http://www.xiph.org/paranoia/
Examples for chacl
chacl u::rwx,g::r-x,o::r-- file
chacl u::rwx,g::r-x,o::r--,u:bob:r--,m::r-x file1 file2
chacl -b `chacl -l olddir | \
chacl can replace the existing ACL. To add or delete entries, you must first do chacl -l to get
Examples for chgrp
chgrp staff /u
chgrp -hR staff /u
Examples for chown
chown root /u
chown root:staff /u
chown -hR root /u
chown(2)
Examples for comm
comm -12 file1 file2
comm -3 file1 file2
Examples for cryptsetup-reencrypt
cryptsetup-reencrypt /dev/sdb1
cryptsetup-reencrypt /dev/sdb1 -c aes-xts-plain64
cryptsetup-reencrypt /dev/sdb1 --new --reduce-device-size 4096
cryptsetup-reencrypt June 2012 CRYPTSETUP-REENCRYPT(8)
Examples for cupsctl
cupsctl
cupsctl --debug-logging
cupsctl | grep '^_debug_logging' | awk -F= '{print $2}'
cupsctl --no-share-printers
Examples for date
date, and numbers. An empty string indicates the beginning of the day. The date string format
Examples for dbus-launch
dbus-launch --exit-with-session gnome-session
dbus-launch --exit-with-session openbox
dbus-launch --exit-with-session ~/.xsession
Examples for dbwrap_tool
dbwrap_tool --persistent winbindd_idmap.tdb listkeys
dbwrap_tool --persistent winbindd_idmap.tdb fetch "USER HWM" uint32
dbwrap_tool --persistent winbindd_idmap.tdb remove "USER HWM"
dbwrap_tool --persistent winbindd_idmap.tdb store "USER HWM" hex D6000000
Examples for dcut
dcut makes use of the dput configuration files:
Examples for ddate
ddate(1) will produce undefined behavior if asked to produce the date for St. Tib's day and its
Examples for debconf
debconf --frontend=readline sh -x my-shell-prog
debconf-devel(7), debconf(7)
Examples for debconf-apt-progress
debconf-apt-progress -- aptitude -y install gnome x-window-system-dev
debconf-apt-progress --start
debconf-apt-progress --from 0 --to 45 -- apt-get -y install gnome
debconf-apt-progress --from 45 --to 90 -- apt-get -y install kde
debconf-apt-progress --from 90 --to 100 -- apt-get -y install xfce4
debconf-apt-progress --stop
Examples for debconf-copydb
debconf-copydb configdb backup
debconf-copydb configdb newdb --pattern='^slrn/' \
debconf-copydb configdb stdout -c Name:stdout -c Driver:Pipe \
debconf-copydb configdb pipe --config=Name:pipe \
Examples for debsecan
debsecan --suite suite --format packages --only-fixed
debsecan --suite suite --format report \
debsecan was written by Florian Weimer.
Examples for debsnap
debsnap -a amd64 xterm 256-1
debsnap -a armel xterm
debsnap --binary xterm 256-1
debsnap --binary xterm
Examples for debuild
debuild -i -us -uc -b
debuild --lintian-opts -i
debuild -k0x12345678
Examples for devhelp
devhelp
devhelp -s search-string
Examples for dget
dget --all mypackage=1.2-1
dget package should be implemented in apt-get install -d.
Examples for dh
dh binary-arch --no-act
dh $@
dh $@
dh_strip -Xfoo
dh_auto_configure -- --with-foo --disable-bar
dh $@
dh $@
dh_fixperms
dh $@ --with autotools_dev
dh $@ --with python2
dh $@ --buildsystem=perl_build
dh $@ --sourcedirectory=src
dh $@ --builddirectory=build
dh $@ --parallel
dh $@
Examples for dh_autotools-dev_restoreconfig
dh_autotools-dev_restoreconfig is usually called indirectly in a rules file via the dh command.
dh_autotools-dev_restoreconfig
Examples for dh_autotools-dev_updateconfig
dh_autotools-dev_updateconfig is usually called indirectly in a rules file via the dh command.
dh_autotools-dev_updateconfig
Examples for dh_link
dh_link usr/share/man/man1/foo.1 usr/share/man/man1/bar.1
dh_link var/lib/foo usr/lib/foo \
Examples for dh_makeshlibs
dh_makeshlibs
dh_makeshlibs -V
dh_makeshlibs -V 'libfoobar1 (>= 1.0)'
Examples for dh_shlibdeps
dh_shlibdeps
dh_shlibdeps -Llibbar1 -l/usr/lib/bar
Examples for dirname
dirname /usr/bin/
dirname dir1/str dir2/str
dirname stdio.h
Examples for dirsplit
dirsplit is created by Eduard Bloch ([email protected]) and is licensed under the GPLv2.
dirsplit 0.3 March 2004 DIRSPLIT(1)
Examples for dot
dotty(1),tcldot(n),xcolors(1),libgraph(3).
Examples for dpkg
dpkg -l '*vi*'
dpkg --print-avail elvis vim | less
dpkg -r elvis
dpkg -i vim_4.5-3.deb
dpkg --get-selections >myselections
dpkg --merge-avail "$avail"
dpkg --clear-selections
dpkg --set-selections <myselections
dpkg.cfg(5), and dpkg-reconfigure(8).
Examples for dpkg-architecture
dpkg-architecture -elinux-alpha
dpkg-architecture -amips -elinux-mips
dpkg-architecture -ilinux-any
dpkg-architecture -ai386 -ilinux-any
Examples for dpkg-buildflags
dpkg-buildflags and storing the build flags in make variables.
Examples for dpkg-divert
dpkg-divert --divert /usr/bin/example.foo --rename /usr/bin/example
dpkg-divert --rename --remove /usr/bin/example
dpkg-divert --package wibble --divert /usr/bin/example.foo --rename /usr/bin/example
dpkg-divert --package wibble --rename --remove /usr/bin/example
Examples for dpkg-name
dpkg-name bar-foo.deb
Examples for duplicity
duplicity /home/me sftp://[email protected]/some_dir
duplicity full /home/me sftp://[email protected]/some_dir
duplicity --full-if-older-than 1M /home/me sftp://[email protected]/some_dir
duplicity sftp://[email protected]/some_dir /home/me
duplicity -t 3D --file-to-restore Mail/article sftp://[email protected]/some_dir
duplicity verify sftp://[email protected]/some_dir /home/me
duplicity --exclude /mnt --exclude /tmp --exclude /proc / file:///usr/local/backup
duplicity --include /home --include /etc --exclude '**' / file:///usr/local/backup
duplicity detects in what mode it should switch to by the order of target URL and local folder.
Examples for eject
eject
eject cdrom
eject /dev/cdrom
eject /mnt/cdrom/
eject hdd
eject sda
eject sda4
eject -v -c4 /dev/cdrom
eject -a on /dev/sbpcd
Examples for fakeroot
fakeroot was specifically written to enable users to create Debian GNU/Linux packages (in the
fakeroot is a regular, non-setuid program. It does not enhance a user's privileges, or decrease
fakeroot environment, it should be set relative to the given paths, as in
fakeroot doesn't wrap open(), create(), etc. So, if user joost does either
fakeroot
fakeroot
fakeroot has no way of knowing that in the first case, the owner of foo really should be
fakeroot . It turned out that a minor upgrade of libc (from one where the stat() func-
fakeroot, in effect, is changing the way the system behaves. Programs that probe the sys-
Examples for fc-list
fc-list
fc-list :lang=hi
fc-list : family style file spacing
Examples for fiascotopnm
fiascotopnm foo.wfa >foo.ppm
fiascotopnm -o foo1.wfa foo2.wfa
fiascotopnm -oimage foo1.wfa
fiascotopnm --fast --magnify=-1 --double video.wfa >stream.ppm
Examples for file
file.c: C program text
file: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV),
file.c: text/x-c
file: application/x-executable
file returns 0 on success, and non-zero on error.
Examples for filterdiff
filterdiff -i '*.c' --lines=-5 < patch
filterdiff -#1 patchfile
filterdiff -p1 Changelog
filterdiff --lines=1 patchfile | lsdiff | \
filterdiff -p1 -i file.c -#2- foo-patch
filterdiff -#1,2,5-8,10,12,27-
filterdiff --as-numbered-lines=after patch.file
filterdiff --as-numbered-lines=before
filterdiff -v --format=unified context.diff
Examples for find
find /tmp -name core -type f -print | xargs /bin/rm -f
find /tmp -name core -type f -print0 | xargs -0 /bin/rm -f
find . -type f -exec file '{}' \;
find / \
find $HOME -mtime 0
find /sbin /usr/sbin -executable \! -readable -print
find . -perm 664
find . -perm -664
find . -perm /222
find . -perm /220
find . -perm /u+w,g+w
find . -perm /u=w,g=w
find . -perm -220
find . -perm -g+w,u+w
find . -perm -444 -perm /222 ! -perm /111
find . -perm -a+r -perm /a+w ! -perm /a+x
find . -name .snapshot -prune -o \( \! -name *~ -print0 \)|
Examples for findmnt
findmnt --fstab -t nfs
findmnt --fstab /mnt/foo
findmnt --fstab --target /mnt/foo
findmnt --fstab --evaluate
findmnt -n --raw --evaluate --output=target LABEL=/boot
findmnt --poll --target /mnt/foo
findmnt --poll=umount --first-only --target /mnt/foo
findmnt --poll=remount -t ext3 -O ro
Examples for foo2hbpl2
foo2hbpl2-wrapper(1), hbpldecode(1)
Examples for foo2hbpl2-wrapper
foo2hbpl2-wrapper testpage.ps > testpage.prn
foo2hbpl2-wrapper -c testpage.ps > testpage.prn
Examples for foo2hiperc
foo2hiperc-wrapper(1), hipercdecode(1)
Examples for foo2hiperc-wrapper
foo2hiperc-wrapper testpage.ps > testpage.hc
foo2hiperc-wrapper -c testpage.ps > testpage.hc
Examples for foo2hp
foo2hp2600-wrapper(1), zjsdecode(1)
Examples for foo2hp2600-wrapper
foo2hp2600-wrapper testpage.ps > testpage.zm
foo2hp2600-wrapper -c testpage.ps > testpage.zc
Examples for foo2lava
foo2lava-wrapper(1), lavadecode(1)
Examples for foo2lava-wrapper
foo2lava-wrapper testpage.ps > testpage.zm
foo2lava-wrapper -c testpage.ps > testpage.zc
Examples for foo2oak
foo2oak-wrapper(1), oakdecode(1)
Examples for foo2oak-wrapper
foo2oak-wrapper testpage.ps > testpage.oak
foo2oak-wrapper -c testpage.ps > testpage.oak
Examples for foo2qpdl
foo2qpdl-wrapper(1), qpdldecode(1)
Examples for foo2qpdl-wrapper
foo2qpdl-wrapper testpage.ps > testpage.zm
foo2qpdl-wrapper -c testpage.ps > testpage.zc
Examples for foo2slx
foo2slx-wrapper(1), slxdecode(1)
Examples for foo2slx-wrapper
foo2slx-wrapper testpage.ps > testpage.zm
foo2slx-wrapper -c testpage.ps > testpage.zc
Examples for foo2xqx
foo2xqx-wrapper(1), xqxdecode(1)
Examples for foo2xqx-wrapper
foo2xqx-wrapper testpage.ps > testpage.xqx
Examples for foo2zjs
foo2zjs-wrapper(1), zjsdecode(1)
Examples for foo2zjs-wrapper
foo2zjs-wrapper testpage.ps > testpage.zm
foo2zjs-wrapper -c testpage.ps > testpage.zc
Examples for fstab-decode
fstab-decode umount $(awk '$3 == vfat { print $2 }' /etc/fstab)
Examples for funzip
funzip test.zip | more
funzip test.zip > /dev/null
Examples for fuser
fuser -km /home
fuser telnet/tcp
fuser may only be able to gather partial information unless run with privileges. As a conse-
fuser -m /dev/sgX will show (or kill with the -k flag) all processes, even if you don't have
fuser cannot report on any processes that it doesn't have permission to look at the file
Examples for gconftool
gconftool-2 --get /desktop/gnome/background/picture_filename
gconftool-2 --type string --set /desktop/gnome/interface/font_name "Serif 12"
gconftool-2 2.2.1 February 2006 GCONFTOOL-2(1)
Examples for gconftool-2
gconftool-2 --get /desktop/gnome/background/picture_filename
gconftool-2 --type string --set /desktop/gnome/interface/font_name "Serif 12"
gconftool-2 2.2.1 February 2006 GCONFTOOL-2(1)
Examples for gem
gem1.9.1 install rake
gem1.9.1 list --local
gem1.9.1 build package.gemspec
gem1.9.1 help install
gem1.9.1 1.0.0 Dec 2007 GEM1.9.1(1)
Examples for gem1.9.1
gem1.9.1 install rake
gem1.9.1 list --local
gem1.9.1 build package.gemspec
gem1.9.1 help install
gem1.9.1 1.0.0 Dec 2007 GEM1.9.1(1)
Examples for genisoimage
genisoimage may safely be installed suid root. This may be needed to allow genisoimage to read
Examples for getbuildlog
getbuildlog hello 2\.2-1 amd64
getbuildlog glibc "" mips.*
getbuildlog wesnoth .*bpo.*
Examples for getopt
getopt(3) can parse long options with optional arguments that are given an empty optional argu-
getopt(3), bash(1), tcsh(1).
Examples for gitk
gitk v2.6.12.. include/scsi drivers/scsi
gitk --since="2 weeks ago" -- gitk
gitk --max-count=100 --all -- Makefile
Examples for gnome-open
gnome-open www.gnome.org
gnome-open Spinach.odf
gnome-open ~
gnome-open mailto:[email protected]
gnome-open /usr/share/applications/gedit.desktop
Examples for gpg
gpg -se -r Bob file
gpg --clearsign file
gpg -sb file
gpg -u 0x12345678 -sb file
gpg --list-keys user_ID
gpg --fingerprint user_ID
gpg --verify pgpfile
gpg --verify sigfile
gpgsm also accepts colons between each pair of hexadecimal digits because this is the de-facto
Examples for gpg-agent
gpg-agent.conf
Examples for gpg-zip
gpg-zip --encrypt --output test1 --gpg-args -r Bob"" mydocs
gpg-zip --list-archive test1
Examples for gpgv
gpgv pgpfile
gpgv sigfile [datafile]
Examples for gpo
gpo
gpo update && gpo download
gpo search linux outlaws
gpo youtube http://youtube.com/watch?v=oHg5SJYRHA0
gpo webui
gpo pipe
gpodder(1)
gpodder 3.5.2 September 2013 GPO(1)
Examples for groff
groff -p -t -me -T latin1 foo.me
groffer foo.me
groff source package.
groff.
groff is a GNU free software project. All parts of the groff package are protected by GNU copy-
groffer(1), gxditview(1), xditview(1x).
groff(1), grog(1).
groff(7), groff_char(7), groff_diff(7), groff_font(5).
groff_out(7).
groff_tmac(5), groff_man(7), groff_mdoc(7), groff_me(7), groff_mm(7), groff_mmse(7),
groff_mom(7), groff_ms(7), groff_www(7), groff_trace(7), mmroff(7).
Examples for grog
grog meintro.me
grog pic.ms
grog meintro.me pic.ms
grog: error: there are several macro packages: -me -ms
grog -ksS -Tdvi grnexmpl.g
Examples for growisofs
growisofs -Z /dev/dvd -R -J /some/files
growisofs -M /dev/dvd -R -J /more/files
growisofs -M /dev/dvd=/dev/zero
growisofs -dvd-compat -Z /dev/dvd=image.iso
growisofs is distributed under GNU GPL.
Examples for gvmap
gvmap.sh -Ae -Ecolor=#55555522 -Tpng foo.gv > foo.png
gvmap.sh(1), sfdp(1), neato(1), gvpr(1)
Examples for gvmap.sh
gvmap.sh -Ae -Ecolor=#55555522 -Tpng foo.gv > foo.png
Examples for gvpack
gvpack unsets the bounding box attribute of all non-cluster subgraphs.
Examples for gvpr
gvpr -i 'N[color=="blue"]' file.gv
gvpr -c 'N[color=="blue"]{color = "red"}' file.gv
gvpr -c ""
Examples for h2xs
h2xs rpcsvc/rusers
h2xs -n RUSERS rpcsvc/rusers
h2xs rpcsvc::rusers
h2xs -n ONC::RPC rpcsvc/rusers
h2xs -c rpcsvc/rusers
h2xs -cfn RPC
h2xs -cfn ONC::RPC
h2xs -X My::Module
h2xs -b 5.5.3 -n Lib::Foo foo.h
h2xs -b 5.5.3 -e '^bar_' -n Lib::Foo foo.h
h2xs rpcsvc/rusers -L/opt/net/lib -lrpc
h2xs -n DCE::rgynbase -p sec_rgy_ dce/rgynbase
h2xs -n DCE::rgynbase -p sec_rgy_ \
h2xs -xAn perl1 -F "-DEXT=extern -DdEXT= -DINIT\(x\)=" perl.h
h2xs -xAn perl2 perl.h,proto.h
h2xs -M '^av_' -xAn perl2 perl.h,proto.h
h2xs -o '^[S]V \*$' -M '^av_' -xAn perl2 perl.h,proto.h
h2xs -Afn Ext::Ension
h2xs -Oxan Ext::Ension interface_simple.h interface_hairy.h
h2xs looks for header files after changing to the extension directory, so it will find your
Examples for hp-probe
hp-probe -bnet
hp-probe -busb -escan
hp-probe -bnet -slnx -escan,pcard
hp-probe -bcups
hp-probe
Examples for htdbm
htdbm /usr/local/etc/apache/.htdbm-users jsmith
htdbm -c /home/doe/public_html/.htdbm jane
htdbm -mb /usr/web/.htdbm-all jones Pwd4Steve
Examples for htpasswd
htpasswd /usr/local/etc/apache/.htpasswd-users jsmith
htpasswd will do nothing except return an error.
htpasswd -c /home/doe/public_html/.htpasswd jane
htpasswd will display a message and return an error status.
htpasswd -db /usr/web/.htpasswd-all jones Pwd4Steve
Examples for httxt2dbm
httxt2dbm -i rewritemap.txt -o rewritemap.dbm
httxt2dbm -f SDBM -i rewritemap.txt -o rewritemap.dbm
Examples for ibus-table-createdb
ibus-table-createdb -n ipa-x-sampa.db -s ipa-x-sampa.txt
ibus-table-createdb -i -n ipa-x-sampa.db
Examples for iecset
iecset -Dhw:1
iecset -x
iecset pro off audio off
Examples for ifdown
ifdown -a
Examples for ifquery
ifquery -l
ifquery -l --allow=hotplug
ifquery eth0
Examples for ifup
ifup -a
ifup eth0
ifup eth0=home
ifup, ifdown, and ifquery are actually the same program called by different names.
Examples for igawk
igawk -f test.awk
Examples for info
info show top-level dir menu
info info
info info-stnd
info emacs
info emacs buffers
info --show-options emacs
info --subnodes -o out.txt emacs
info -f ./foo.info
[email protected].
info info
info 5.2 September 2013 INFO(1)
Examples for inkscape
inkscape filename.svg
inkscape filename.svg -p '| lpr'
inkscape filename.svg --export-png=filename.png
inkscape filename.svg --export-png=filename.png -w600 -h400
inkscape filename.svg --export-png=filename.png --export-area-drawing
inkscape filename.svg --export-id=text1555 --export-use-hints
inkscape filename.svg --export-id=text1555 --export-png=text.png --export-area-snap
inkscape filename1.svg --export-plain-svg=filename2.svg
inkscape filename.svg --export-eps=filename.eps --export-text-to-path
inkscape filename.svg --query-width --query-id text1555
inkscape filename.svg --select=path1555 --verb=EditDuplicate --verb=ObjectRotate90 --verb=FileSave --verb=FileClose
Examples for intel_gpu_top
intel_gpu_top -o "cairo-trace-gvim.log" -s 100 -e "cairo-perf-trace /tmp/gvim"
Examples for intel_reg_read
intel_reg_read 0x61230
Examples for intel_reg_write
intel_reg_write 0x61230 0x0
Examples for interdiff
interdiff -z 3.2pre1.patch.gz 3.2pre2.patch.gz
interdiff patch /dev/null
interdiff /dev/stdin /dev/null
interdiff. In this case, the strategy employed is to revert the original patch and apply the new
Examples for intltool-update
intltool-update --pot --gettext-package=foo
intltool-update --dist --gettext-package=bar --output-file=xy1.po xy
intltool-update xy
Examples for ipptool
ipptool ipp://localhost/printers/myprinter get-completed-jobs.test
ipptool -d recipient=mailto:[email protected] ipp://localhost/printers/myprinter create-printer-subscription.test
ipptoolfile(5), RFC 2911,
Examples for itweb-settings
itweb-settings
itweb-settings reset deployment.proxy.type
Examples for join-dctrl
join-dctrl(1)
Examples for jpegtopnm
jpegtopnm foo.jpg >foo.ppm
jpegtopnm foo.jpg | ppmtopgm | pnmscale .25
jpegtopnm and this man page were derived in large part from djpeg, by the Independent JPEG
Examples for json_pp
json_pp -f json -t dumper -json_opt pretty,utf8,allow_bignum
json_pp -f json -t dumper -json_opt pretty
Examples for json_xs
json_xs -t none <isitreally.json
json_xs -f storable-file <file
json_xs -f storable-file -t yaml <file
json_xs -f none -e '$_ = [1, 2, 3]'
Examples for keytool
keytool -genkeypair -dname "cn=Mark Jones, ou=Java, o=Oracle, c=US"
keytool -genkeypair
keytool -certreq -file MarkJ.csr
Examples for kill
kill -9 -1
kill -l 11
kill -L
kill 123 543 2341 3453
kill(2), killall(1), nice(1), pkill(1), renice(1), signal(7), skill(1)
Examples for knock
knock myserver.example.com 123:tcp 456:udp 789:tcp
knock -u myserver.example.com 8284 4721 18592 42912
knockd is the accompanying port-knock server.
knockd 0.5 June 26, 2005 knock(1)
Examples for lame
lame sample.wav sample.mp3
lame -h sample.wav sample.mp3
lame -b 112 sample.wav sample.mp3
lame -m s sample.wav sample.mp3
lame -f sample.wav sample.mp3
lame -h -V 6 sample.wav sample.mp3
lame --preset standard sample.wav sample.mp3
Examples for lexgrog
lexgrog attempts to parse files containing .so requests, but will only be able to do so cor-
Examples for lft
lft, the sysadmin needs to read the file /usr/share/doc/lft/HOWTO-UsersLFT.txt and follow the
Examples for liblinear-predict
liblinear-predict -b 1 test_file data_file.model output_file
liblinear-predict was written by the LIBLINEAR authors at National Taiwan university for the
Examples for liblinear-train
liblinear-train data_file
liblinear-train -s 0 data_file
liblinear-train -v 5 -e 0.001 data_file
liblinear-train -c 10 -w1 2 -w2 5 -w3 2 four_class_data_file
liblinear-train -c 10 -w3 1 -w2 5 two_class_data_file
liblinear-train was written by the LIBLINEAR authors at National Taiwan university for the LIB-
Examples for libvirt-migrate-qemu-disks
libvirt-migrate-qemu-disks is Copyright 2010, Canonical Ltd.
libvirt-migrate-qemu-disks and this manual page was originally written by Jamie Strandboge
Examples for libvirt-migrate-qemu-machinetype
libvirt-migrate-qemu-machinetype is Copyright 2012, Canonical Ltd.
libvirt-migrate-qemu-machinetype by Serge Hallyn <[email protected]>.
Examples for libvirtd
libvirtd (libvirt) 0.8.2
libvirtd is distributed under the terms of the GNU LGPL v2.1+. This is free software; see the
Examples for lintian
lintian-info(1), Lintian User Manual (file:/usr/share/doc/lintian/lintian.html/index.html)
Examples for localedef
localedef -f UTF-8 -i fi_FI fi_FI.UTF-8
localedef -f UTF-8 -i fi_FI ./
Examples for locate
locate -b '\NAME'
locate attempts to be compatible to slocate (without the options used for creating databases)
Examples for lockfile-create
lockfile-create /some/file
Examples for lockfile-remove
lockfile-remove /some/file
Examples for lockfile-touch
lockfile-touch /some/file &
Examples for logger
logger System rebooted
logger -p local0.notice -t HOSTIDM -f /dev/idmc
logger -n loghost.example.com System rebooted
Examples for lp
lp -d foo -o media=legal -o sides=two-sided-long-edge filename
lp -d bar -o scaling=200 filename
lp -d bar -o cpi=12 -o lpi=8 -o page-left=72 filename
Examples for lsdiff
lsdiff patch | sort -u | \
lsdiff -s patch | grep '^+' | \
lsdiff -n patch | (while read n file
Examples for lshw
lshw -short
lshw -class disk -class storage
lshw -html -class network
lshw -disable dmi
lshw is distributed under the GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE (GPL) version 2.
lshw is maintained by Lyonel Vincent <[email protected]>.
Examples for lsof
lsof distribution.
lsof
lsof -i -U
lsof -i 4 -a -p 1234
lsof -i 6
lsof -i @wonderland.cc.purdue.edu:513-515
lsof -i @mace
lsof -p 456,123,789 -u 1234,abe
lsof /dev/hd4
lsof /u/abe/foo
lsof /dev/log
lsof -b /nfs/mount/point
lsof -bw /nfs/mount/point
lsof -Di
lsof -FpcfDi
lsof -c lsof -a -d 1 -d 3 -u abe -r10
lsof -c /^..o.$/i -a -d cwd
lsof [email protected]
lsof -i@[0:1:2:3:4:5:6:7]
lsof -i@[::1]
lsof -rm====%T====
Examples for man
man ls
man -a intro
man -t alias | lpr -Pps
man -l -Tdvi ./foo.1x.gz > ./foo.1x.dvi
man -k printf
man -f smail
man will search for the desired manual pages within the index database caches. If the -u option
man will compress and store the cat file in the background.
Examples for mawk
mawk, on the other hand, allows RS to be a regular expression. When "\n" appears in records, it
Examples for meld
meld
meld FILE1
meld DIR1
meld FILE1 FILE2
meld FILE1 FILE2 FILE3
meld DIR1 DIR2
meld DIR1 DIR2 DIR3
meld --diff FILE1 FILE2 --diff FILE3 FILE4
Examples for mkinitramfs
mkinitramfs -o ~/tmp/initramfs-$(uname -r)
mkinitramfs -k -o ~/tmp/initramfs-2.6.21-686 2.6.21-686
Examples for mlocate
mlocate Sep 2012 locate(1)
Examples for ncat
ncat example.org 8080
ncat -l 8080
ncat --sh-exec "ncat example.org 80" -l 8080 --keep-open
ncat --exec "/bin/bash" -l 8081 --keep-open
ncat --exec "/bin/bash" --max-conns 3 --allow 192.168.0.0/24 -l 8081 --keep-open
ncat --proxy socks4host --proxy-type socks4 --proxy-auth user smtphost 25
ncat -l --proxy-type http localhost 8888
Examples for nmblookup
nmblookup can be used to query a WINS server (in the same way nslookup is used to query DNS
nmblookup -U server -R 'name'
nmblookup -U samba.org -R 'IRIX#1B'
Examples for nmcli
nmcli -t -f RUNNING nm
nmcli -t -f STATE nm
nmcli nm wifi off
nmcli -p con list
nmcli -f name,autoconnect con list
nmcli con list id "My wired connection"
nmcli -p con up id "My wired connection" iface eth0
nmcli con up uuid 6b028a27-6dc9-4411-9886-e9ad1dd43761 ap 00:3A:98:7C:42:D3
nmcli dev status
nmcli dev disconnect iface em2
nmcli -f GENERAL,WIFI-PROPERTIES dev list iface wlan0
nmcli dev wifi
nmcli dev wifi con "Cafe Hotspot 1" password caffeine name "My cafe"
Examples for ntfs-3g
ntfs-3g /dev/sda1 /mnt/windows
ntfs-3g -o permissions /dev/sda3 /mnt/data
ntfs-3g /dev/sda5 /home/user/mnt -o ro,uid=1000
ntfs-3g was based on and a major improvement to ntfsmount and libntfs which were written by Yura
ntfs-3g.probe(8), ntfsprogs(8), attr(5), getfattr(1)
ntfs-3g 2013.1.13AR.1 May 2012 NTFS-3G(8)
Examples for ntfs-3g.secaudit
ntfs-3g.secaudit -ar /dev/sda1
ntfs-3g.secaudit /dev/sda5 /audio/music
ntfs-3g.secaudit -r /dev/sda5 644 /audio/music
ntfs-3g.secaudit exits with a value of 0 when no error was detected, and with a value of 1 when
ntfs-3g.secaudit has been developed by Jean-Pierre Andre.
ntfs-3g.secaudit 1.4.1 February 2010 NTFS-3G.SECAUDIT(8)
Examples for ntfs-3g.usermap
ntfs-3g.usermap /dev/sda1
ntfs-3g.usermap exits with a value of 0 when no error was detected, and with a value of 1 when
ntfs-3g.usermap 1.1.2 February 2010 NTFS-3G.USERMAP(8)
Examples for ntfscat
ntfscat /dev/hda1 boot.ini
ntfscat /dev/hda1 /winnt/system32/drivers/etc/hosts
ntfscat /dev/hda1 -a INDEX_ROOT -i 5 | hexdump -C
ntfscat was written by Richard Russon, Anton Altaparmakov and Szabolcs Szakacsits. It was port-
ntfscat is part of the ntfs-3g package and is available from:
Examples for ntfsclone
ntfsclone --overwrite /dev/hdc1 /dev/hda1
ntfsclone --save-image --output backup.img /dev/hda1
ntfsclone --restore-image --overwrite /dev/hda1 backup.img
ntfsclone --save-image -o - /dev/hda1 | gzip -c > backup.img.gz
ntfsclone --restore-image --overwrite /dev/hda1 -
ntfsclone --save-image --output - /dev/hda1 | \
ntfsclone --restore-image --overwrite /dev/hda1 -
ntfsclone --restore-image --overwrite /dev/hda1 -
ntfsclone --output ntfs-clone.img /dev/hda1
ntfsclone --metadata --output ntfsmeta.img /dev/hda1
ntfsclone -mst --output - /dev/hda1 | bzip2 > ntfsmeta.bz2
ntfsclone was written by Szabolcs Szakacsits with contributions from Per Olofsson (special image
ntfsclone is part of the ntfs-3g package and is available at:
Examples for ntfscluster
ntfscluster /dev/hda1
ntfscluster -c 0-500 /dev/hda1
ntfscluster was written by Richard Russon, with contributions from Anton Altaparmakov. It was
ntfscluster is part of the ntfs-3g package and is available from:
Examples for ntfscp
ntfscp /dev/hda1 /home/user/new_boot.ini boot.ini
ntfscp -N stream /dev/hda1 myfile /some/path
ntfscp was written by Yura Pakhuchiy, with contributions from Anton Altaparmakov and Hil Liao.
ntfscp is part of the ntfs-3g package and is available from:
Examples for ntfsundelete
ntfsundelete /dev/hda1
ntfsundelete /dev/hda1 -s -m '*.doc'
ntfsundelete /dev/hda1 -S 5k-6m -p 90
ntfsundelete /dev/hda1 -t 2d
ntfsundelete /dev/sda1 -u -i 2,5,100-131
ntfsundelete /dev/hda1 -u -i 3689 -o work.doc -d ~
ntfsundelete /dev/hda1 -c 3689-3690 -o debug
ntfsundelete was written by Richard Russon and Holger Ohmacht, with contributions from Anton Al-
ntfsundelete is part of the ntfs-3g package and is available from:
Examples for od
od -A x -t x1z -v
od -A o -t oS -w16
Examples for ogg123
ogg123 test.ogg
ogg123 ~/music
ogg123 -d oss test.ogg
ogg123 -d oss -o dsp:/dev/mydsp
ogg123 -d esd test.ogg
ogg123 -d wav -f test.wav test.ogg
ogg123 -d oss -d wav -f test.wav test.ogg
ogg123 -d oss -o dsp:/dev/mydsp -d raw -f test2.raw -o byteorder:big test.ogg
ogg123 -d oss -d wav -f 1.wav -d wav -f 2.wav -d wav -f 3.wav -d wav -f 4.wav -d wav -f
ogg123 -d esd -d esd test.ogg
Examples for oggdec
oggdec enabler.ogg
oggdec --raw=1 enabler.ogg
oggdec -b 8 -s 0 -o enabler.crazymonkey enabler.ogg
oggdec -R -e 1 -b 16 enabler.ogg
oggdec -R -e 1 -b 16 -o enabler.raw - < enabler.ogg
oggdec -R -e 1 -b 16 - < enabler.ogg > enabler.raw
oggdec *.ogg
Examples for oggenc
oggenc somefile.wav
oggenc somefile.wav -o out.ogg
oggenc infile.wav -b 256 -o out.ogg
oggenc infile.wav --managed -b 128 -M 160 -o out.ogg
oggenc infile.wav -q 6 -o out.ogg
oggenc --resample 11025 --downmix infile.wav -q 1 -o out.ogg
oggenc somefile.wav -t "The track title" -a "artist who performed this" -l "name of
oggenc somefile.wav --lyrics lyrics.lrc --lyrics-language en -o out.oga
oggenc -b 192 -a "The Tea Party" -l "Triptych" -t "Touch" track01.wav -t "Underground"
oggenc -
Examples for open
openvt can be used to start a shell on the next free VT, by using the command:
openvt bash
openvt -l bash
openvt -- ls -l
Examples for openvt
openvt can be used to start a shell on the next free VT, by using the command:
openvt bash
openvt -l bash
openvt -- ls -l
Examples for pam_tally
pam_tally was written by Tim Baverstock and Tomas Mraz.
Examples for pam_tally2
pam_tally2 was written by Tim Baverstock and Tomas Mraz.
Examples for pam_timestamp_check
pam_timestamp_check(8), pam.conf(5), pam.d(5), pam(8)
Examples for partx
partx --show /dev/sdb3
partx --show --nr 3 /dev/sdb
partx --show /dev/sdb3 /dev/sdb
partx --show - /dev/sdb3
partx -o START -g --nr 3 /dev/sdb
partx -o SECTORS,SIZE /dev/sda5 /dev/sda
partx --add --nr 3:5 /dev/sdd
partx -d --nr :-1 /dev/sdd
Examples for pbmtoppa
pbmtoppa was derived, see <http://www.httptech.com/ppa>.
Examples for pcimodules
pcimodules
pcimodules --class 0x20000 --classmask 0xffff00
pcimodules was written by Adam J. Richter <[email protected]>, based on public domain example
pcimodules is copyright 2000, Yggdrasil Computing, Incorporated, and may be copied under the
Examples for pivot_root
pivot_root . old-root
pivot_root . old_root
Examples for pkill
pkill and pgrep were introduced in Sun's Solaris 7. This implementation is fully compatible.
Examples for pnmtofiasco
pnmtofiasco < foo.ppm >foo.wfa
pnmtofiasco -2 -p "IBBPBBPBB" -fps 15 -o video.wfa foo0*.ppm
Examples for pnmtojpeg
pnmtojpeg --quality=60 foo.ppm > foo.jpg
pnmtojpeg, checks thoroughly for any lack of compliance with these restrictions, but does little
Examples for pnmtorle
pnmtorle -v file.ppm -o file.rle
pnmtorle -h file.pgm
Examples for pod2man
pod2man program > program.1
pod2man SomeModule.pm /usr/perl/man/man3/SomeModule.3
pod2man --section=7 note.pod > note.7
Examples for podebconf-report-po
podebconf-report-po --call
podebconf-report-po will ask confirmation to send the mail to the mailing list.
Examples for policyeditor
policyeditor
policyeditor -file $HOME/.config/icedtea-web/security/java.policy
Examples for ppmqvga
ppmqvga -d my_image.ppm | ppmtogif >my_image.gif
Examples for ppmtoicr
ppmtoicr ppmfile
ppmtoicr ppmfile > filename
Examples for pppd
pppd call isp
pppd proxyarp
Examples for prezip-bin
prezip-bin -d <wordlist.cwl >wordlist.txt
prezip-bin -z <wordlist.txt >wordlist.pz 2>errors.txt
prezip-bin -d <words.pz | aspell create master ./words.rws
prezip-bin-0.1.2 2005-09-30 PREZIP-BIN(1)
Examples for prune
prune -n B test.gv
prune -n B -N color=red test.gv
prune returns 0 on successful completion. It returns 1 if an error occurs.
prune(1)
Examples for ps
ps -e
ps -ef
ps -eF
ps -ely
ps ax
ps axu
ps -ejH
ps axjf
ps -eLf
ps axms
ps -eo euser,ruser,suser,fuser,f,comm,label
ps axZ
ps -eM
ps -U root -u root u
ps -eo pid,tid,class,rtprio,ni,pri,psr,pcpu,stat,wchan:14,comm
ps axo stat,euid,ruid,tty,tpgid,sess,pgrp,ppid,pid,pcpu,comm
ps -Ao pid,tt,user,fname,tmout,f,wchan
ps -C syslogd -o pid=
ps -p 42 -o comm=
Examples for ps2eps
ps2eps was written by Roland Bless.
Examples for ps2pdf
ps2pdf figure.ps
ps2pdf -dPDFSETTINGS=/prepress figure.ps proof.pdf
Examples for rc-alert
rc-alert was written by Anthony DeRobertis and modified by Julian Gilbey <[email protected]> and
Examples for readom
readom dev=2,0 f=cdimage.raw
readom dev=2,0 sectors=150-10000 f=cdimage.raw
readom dev=2,0 -w f=cdimage.raw
readom.
readom: I/O error. test unit ready: scsi sendcmd: no error
Examples for readprofile
readprofile | sort -nr | less
readprofile | sort -nr +2 | head -20
readprofile | grep _ext2
readprofile -av | less
readprofile -p ~/profile.freeze -m /zImage.map.gz
readprofile only works with an 1.3.x or newer kernel, because /proc/profile changed in the step
Examples for resize
resize program may be installed as sunsize, which causes makes it assume the -s option.
Examples for rletopnm
rletopnm --verbose lenna.rle >lenna.ppm
rletopnm --headerdump file.rle
rletopnm --alphaout=dartalpha.pgm dart.rle >dart.ppm
Examples for route
route add -net 127.0.0.0 netmask 255.0.0.0 dev lo
route add -net 192.56.76.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 dev eth0
route del default
route add default gw mango-gw
route add ipx4 sl0
route add -net 192.57.66.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw ipx4
route add -net 224.0.0.0 netmask 240.0.0.0 dev eth0
route add -net 10.0.0.0 netmask 255.0.0.0 reject
route cache misses (-F) or hits (-C).
Examples for rsync
rsync -Cavz . arvidsjaur:backup
rsync -avuzb --exclude '*~' samba:samba/ .
rsync -Cavuzb . samba:samba/
rsync -az -e ssh --delete ~ftp/pub/samba nimbus:"~ftp/pub/tridge"
Examples for run-parts
run-parts --list --regex '^p.*d$' /etc
run-parts is free software; see the GNU General Public License version 2 or later for copying
Examples for scanimage
scanimage -L
scanimage >image.pnm
scanimage -x 100 -y 100 --format=tiff >image.tiff
scanimage -h
scanimage will attempt to open the first available device.
scanimage -f " scanner number %i device %d is a %t, model %m, produced by %v "
Examples for sdptool
sdptool browse 00:80:98:24:15:6D
sdptool browse local
sdptool add DUN
sdptool del 0x10000
sdptool(1)
Examples for setarch
setarch ppc32 rpmbuild --target=ppc --rebuild foo.src.rpm
setarch ppc32 -v -vL3 rpmbuild --target=ppc --rebuild bar.src.rpm
setarch ppc32 --32bit rpmbuild --target=ppc --rebuild foo.src.rpm
Examples for setfacl
setfacl -m u:lisa:r file
setfacl -m m::rx file
setfacl -x g:staff file
Examples for shar
shar *.c > cprog.shar
shar -Q *.[ch] > cprog.shar
shar -B -l28 -oarc.sh *.arc
shar -f /lcl/src/u*.c > u.sh
Examples for skill
skill -KILL -t /dev/pts/*
skill -STOP -u viro -u lm -u davem
Examples for smbget
smbget -R smb://rhonwyn/jelmer/src
smbget -r smb://rhonwyn/isos/FreeBSD5.1.iso
smbget -Rr smb://rhonwyn/isos
smbget -Rr smb://rhonwyn/
Examples for snice
snice -c seti -c crack +7
Examples for software-center
software-center
software-center gedit
software-center banshee?section=universe
software-center adobe-flashplugin?channel=maverick-partner
software-center cheese,gtg
software-center /home/pgg/skype.deb
software-center was written by Michael Vogt <[email protected]>, and this manual page by Andrew
Examples for sort-dctrl
sort-dctrl /var/lib/dpkg/available
sort-dctrl -k Version:v /var/lib/dpkg/available
sort-dctrl -k Version:vr /var/lib/dpkg/available
sort-dctrl -k Package,Version:v /var/lib/dpkg/available
sort-dctrl -k Installed-Size:n,Size:nr /var/lib/dpkg/available
Examples for splain
splain, you should expect a bit of whimsy.
Examples for split-logfile
split-logfile < /var/log/apache2/other_vhosts_access.log
Examples for sudo
sudo is provided ``AS IS'' and any express or implied warranties, including, but not limited to,
Examples for sudoreplay
sudoreplay is provided ``AS IS'' and any express or implied warranties, including, but not limited
Examples for synclient
synclient EdgeMotionMinSpeed=0
Examples for sysctl
sysctl.conf(5) regex(7)
Examples for tar
tar -cf archive.tar foo bar
tar -tvf archive.tar
tar -xf archive.tar
tar(5), symlink(7), rmt(8)
Examples for tcpdmatch
tcpdmatch in.telnetd localhost
tcpdmatch in.telnetd 127.0.0.1
tcpdmatch in.telnetd paranoid
Examples for tcpdump
tcpdump host sundown
tcpdump host helios and \( hot or ace \)
tcpdump ip host ace and not helios
tcpdump net ucb-ether
tcpdump 'gateway snup and (port ftp or ftp-data)'
tcpdump ip and not net localnet
tcpdump 'tcp[tcpflags] & (tcp-syn|tcp-fin) != 0 and not src and dst net localnet'
tcpdump 'tcp port 80 and (((ip[2:2] - ((ip[0]&0xf)<<2)) - ((tcp[12]&0xf0)>>2)) != 0)'
tcpdump 'gateway snup and ip[2:2] > 576'
tcpdump 'ether[0] & 1 = 0 and ip[16] >= 224'
tcpdump 'icmp[icmptype] != icmp-echo and icmp[icmptype] != icmp-echoreply'
Examples for time
time wc /etc/hosts
time -f "\t%E real,\t%U user,\t%S sys" ls -Fs
time -a -o log emacs bork
time was written by David MacKenzie. This man page was added by Dirk Eddelbuettel
Examples for tput
tput init
tput -T5620 reset
tput cup 0 0
tput clear
tput cols
tput -T450 cols
tput hc
tput cup 23 4
tput cup
tput longname
tput -S <<!
tput prints the following error messages and sets the corresponding exit codes.
tput -T450 lines and tput -T2621 xmc)
Examples for ucf
ucf /usr/share/foo/configuration /etc/foo.conf
ucf --purge /etc/foo.conf
ucf.conf(5), ucfr(1), ucfq(1), and diff3(1). The Debian Emacs policy, shipped with the package
Examples for ucfr
ucfr foo /etc/foo.conf
ucfr --purge foo /etc/foo.conf
Examples for ufw
ufw deny 53
ufw allow 80/tcp
ufw allow from 10.0.0.0/8
ufw allow from 172.16.0.0/12
ufw allow from 192.168.0.0/16
ufw deny proto udp from 1.2.3.4 to any port 514
ufw allow proto udp from 1.2.3.5 port 5469 to 1.2.3.4 port 5469
ufw does support adding rules before enabling the firewall, so administrators can do:
ufw allow proto tcp from any to any port 22
ufw supports application integration by reading profiles located in /etc/ufw/applications.d. To
ufw app list
ufw allow <name>
ufw allow from 192.168.0.0/16 to any app <name>
ufw app info <name>
ufw app update <name>
ufw app update --add-new <name>
ufw app default <policy>
ufw supports multiple logging levels. ufw defaults to a loglevel of 'low' when a loglevel is not
ufw logging LEVEL
Examples for uniconvertor
uniconvertor drawing.cdr drawing.svg
Examples for unzip
unzip letters
unzip -j letters
unzip -tq letters
unzip -tq \*.zip
unzip -ca letters \*.tex | more
unzip -p articles paper1.dvi | dvips
unzip source.zip "*.[fch]" Makefile -d /tmp
unzip -C source.zip "*.[fch]" makefile -d /tmp
unzip -aaCL source.zip "*.[fch]" makefile -d /tmp
unzip -fo sources
unzip -uo sources
unzip -v
unzip -l file.zip
unzip -ql file.zip
unzip --ql file.zip
unzip -l-q file.zip
unzip -l--q file.zip
Examples for unzipsfx
unzipsfx has no knowledge of the user's PATH, so in general an archive must either be in the
unzipsfx will print a warning to the effect, ``can't find myself.'' This is always true under
unzipsfx smaller: usage and diagnostic info, listing functions and extraction to other directo-
unzipsfx on the Amiga requires the use of a special program, MakeSFX, in order to create working
unzipsfx's exit status (error level) is identical to that of unzip(1); see the corresponding man
Examples for update-alternatives
update-alternatives --display vi
update-alternatives --config vi
update-alternatives --auto vi
Examples for update-binfmts
update-binfmts --package javawrapper \
update-binfmts is copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
Examples for update-exim4.conf
update-exim4.conf changes the file permissions of the output file to the value of the environ-
update-exim4.conf evaluates these patterns in /etc/exim4/update-exim4.conf.conf:
Examples for update-inetd
update-inetd --comment-chars '#' --disable login,shell,exec,telnet
update-inetd --comment-chars '#' --disable time,daytime
update-inetd --enable time,daytime
update-inetd --comment-chars '#' --pattern tcp --disable time,daytime
update-inetd --group MAIL --add \
Examples for update-initramfs
update-initramfs -u
update-initramfs -c -k 2.6.18-1-686
Examples for update-rc.d
update-rc.d foobar defaults
update-rc.d foobar start 20 2 3 4 5 . stop 20 0 1 6 .
update-rc.d foobar start 30 2 3 4 5 . stop 70 0 1 6 .
update-rc.d script_for_A defaults 80 20
update-rc.d script_for_B defaults 90 10
update-rc.d top_level_app defaults 98 02
update-rc.d script_depends_on_svc20 defaults 21 19
update-rc.d foobar remove
update-rc.d -f foobar remove
update-rc.d foobar stop 20 2 3 4 5 .
update-rc.d foobar start 45 S . stop 31 0 6 .
update-rc.d -f foobar remove
update-rc.d foobar stop 45 S .
Examples for updatedb
updatedb -l 0 -o db_file -U source_directory
Examples for upstart-local-bridge
upstart-local-bridge --event=foo --path=/var/foo/bar
upstart-local-bridge --event=bar --path=@/var/foo/bar
Examples for virt-image
virt-image(5), virt-install(1), the project website "http://virt-manager.org"
Examples for virtlockd
virtlockd (libvirt) 1.1.1
virtlockd is distributed under the terms of the GNU LGPL v2.1+. This is free software; see the
Examples for vnstat
vnstat Display traffic summary for the default interface.
vnstat -i eth0+eth1+eth3
vnstat -i eth2 --xml
vnstat -u -i eth0
vnstat -u -i eth0 --nick local
vnstat -i eth2 --delete
vnstatd(1), vnstati(1), vnstat.conf(5), proc(5), ifconfig(8), units(7)
Examples for vorbiscomment
vorbiscomment -l file.ogg
vorbiscomment -l file.ogg > file.txt
vorbiscomment -w -c file.txt file.ogg newfile.ogg
vorbiscomment -a -t 'ARTIST=No One You Know' file.ogg newfile.ogg
vorbiscomment -a file.ogg
Examples for watch
watch -n 60 from
watch -d ls -l
watch -d 'ls -l | fgrep joe'
watch echo $$
watch echo '$$'
watch echo "'"'$$'"'"
watch -n 10 sleep 1
watch uname -r
Examples for who-permits-upload
who-permits-upload --search=sponsor [email protected]
who-permits-upload -s=sponsor "Arno Toll"
who-permits-upload apache2
who-permits-upload --search=uid "Paul Tagliamonte"
who-permits-upload was written by Arno Toll <[email protected]> and is licensed under the terms of
Examples for wodim
wodim -v speed=2 dev=2,0 cdimage.raw
wodim runs at priority 59 on Solaris, you should run genisoimage at no more than priority 58. On
wodim -v speed=1 dev=/dev/cdrw -audio track*.cdaudio
wodim -v -dummy speed=2 dev=/dev/cdrw -audio track*.cdaudio
wodim -v dev=2,0 cdimage.raw -audio track*.cdaudio
wodim dev=/dev/cdrw -v -dao -useinfo -text *.wav
wodim dev=2,0 -v -dao -audio -useinfo -text *.inf
Examples for word-list-compress
word-list-compress d <wordlist.cwl >wordlist.txt
word-list-compress c <wordlist.wl >wordlist.cwl 2>errors.txt
word-list-compress d <words.cwl | aspell create master ./words.rws
Examples for wpa_supplicant
wpa_supplicant -B -c/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf -iwlan0
wpa_supplicant -c/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf -iwlan0 -d
wpa_supplicant -Dnl80211,wext -c/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf -iwlan0
wpa_supplicant can control multiple interfaces (radios) either by running one process for each
wpa_supplicant \
wpa_supplicant was designed to be portable for different drivers and operating systems. Hope-
wpa_supplicant.conf
wpa_supplicant
wpa_supplicant with following command to start it on foreground with debugging enabled:
wpa_supplicant -iwlan0 -c/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf -d
wpa_supplicant -iwlan0 -c/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf -B
Examples for xargs
xargs sh -c 'emacs "$@" < /dev/tty' emacs
xargs exits with the following status:
Examples for xdg-desktop-icon
xdg-desktop-icon install ./shinythings-webmirror.desktop
xdg-desktop-icon install ./shinythings-README
Examples for xdg-desktop-menu
xdg-desktop-menu install ./shinythings-webmirror.desktop
xdg-desktop-menu install ./shinythings-webmirror.directory \
xdg-desktop-menu install --noupdate ./shinythings-webmirror.directory \
xdg-desktop-menu install --noupdate ./shinythings-webmirror.directory \
xdg-desktop-menu forceupdate
Examples for xdg-email
xdg-email 'Jeremy White <[email protected]>'
xdg-email --attach /tmp/logo.png \
xdg-email --subject 'Your password is about to expire' \
Examples for xdg-icon-resource
xdg-icon-resource install --size 64 shinythings-myfoobar.png
xdg-icon-resource install --context mimetypes --size 48 ./mime-foobar-48.png application-x-foobar
xdg-icon-resource install --context mimetypes --size 64 ./mime-foobar-64.png application-x-foobar
Examples for xdg-mime
xdg-mime query filetype /tmp/foobar.png
xdg-mime query default image/png
xdg-mime install shinythings-shiny.xml
Examples for xdg-open
xdg-open 'http://www.freedesktop.org/'
xdg-open /tmp/foobar.png
Examples for xdg-screensaver
xdg-screensaver suspend 0x1c00007
Examples for xdg-settings
xdg-settings get default-web-browser
xdg-settings check default-web-browser firefox.desktop
xdg-settings set default-web-browser google-chrome.desktop
Examples for xinit
xinit This will start up a server named X and run the user's .xinitrc, if it exists, or else
xinit -- /usr/local/bin/Xvnc :1
xinit -geometry =80x65+10+10 -fn 8x13 -j -fg white -bg navy
xinit -e widgets -- ./Xorg -l -c
xinit /usr/ucb/rsh fasthost cpupig -display ws:1 -- :1 -a 2 -t 5
xinit /usr/local/lib/site.xinitrc -- /usr/bin/X -br
Examples for xrandr
xrandr --output LVDS --auto --rotate normal --pos 0x0 --output VGA --auto --rotate left
xrandr --newmode "1024x768" 63.50 1024 1072 1176 1328 768 771 775 798 -hsync +vsync
xrandr --addmode VGA 1024x768
xrandr --output VGA --mode 1024x768
xrandr --fb 1600x768 --output VGA --mode 1024x768 --panning 1600x0
xrandr --fb 3200x2000 --output LVDS --scale 2.5x2.5 --output VGA --pos 0x0 --panning
xrandr --fb 1024x768 --output VGA --transform 1.24,0.16,-124,0,1.24,0,0,0.000316,1
Examples for xz
xz foo
xz -dk bar.xz
xz -dcf a.txt b.txt.xz c.txt d.txt.lzma > abcd.txt
xz --robot --list *.xz | awk '/^totals/{print $5-$4}'
xz --lzma2=preset=1,dict=32MiB foo.tar
xz -vv --lzma2=dict=192MiB big_foo.tar
Examples for zenity
zenity --title="Select a file to remove" --file-selection
zenity --title "Select Host" --entry --text "Select the host you would like to flood-
zenity --question --title "Alert" --text "Microsoft Windows has been found! Would you
zenity --notification --window-icon=update.png --text "System update necessary!"
zenity --list --checklist --column "Buy" --column "Item" TRUE Apples TRUE Oranges FALSE
Examples for zip
zip stuff *
zip stuff .* *
zip -r foo foo
zip -j foo foo/*
zip -rm foo foo/tom
zip -rm foo foo/dick
zip -rm foo foo/harry
zip command, the last created archive is deleted, making room for the next zip command to func-
zip -s 2g -r split.zip foo
zip inarchive.zip foo.c bar.c --out outarchive.zip
zip archive "*.[hc]"
zip archive "[a-f]*"
zip archive "*.[!o]"
Examples for zipinfo
zipinfo storage
zipinfo -l storage
zipinfo --h-t storage
zipinfo storage \*
zipinfo storage
zipinfo -t storage [only totals line]
zipinfo -st storage [full listing]
zipinfo -m storage unshrink.c
zipinfo -mt storage "*.[ch]" Mak\*
zipinfo -v storage | more
zipinfo -T storage | sort -nr -k 7 | sed 15q
zipinfo's listing-format behavior is unnecessarily complex and should be simplified. (This is
Examples for zipnote
zipnote foo.zip > foo.tmp
zipnote -w foo.zip < foo.tmp